CONDITIONS

Plantar Fasciitis

Overview

What Is Plantar Fasciitis?

Plantar fasciitis is a common foot condition that causes pain and inflammation in the plantar fascia, a thick band of tissue that runs along the bottom of the foot from the heel to the toes. This condition occurs when the plantar fascia becomes irritated or strained due to excessive pressure, repetitive stress, or improper foot mechanics. It is one of the leading causes of heel pain and can affect people of all ages, though it is most common in runners and individuals who spend long hours standing.

What Is an Plantar Fasciitis?

What Causes Plantar Fasciitis?

Plantar fasciitis is caused by excessive strain or stress on the plantar fascia, leading to small tears and inflammation. Common causes include:

  • Overuse or repetitive stress

    : Running, jumping, or prolonged standing can contribute to plantar fascia strain.

  • Improper footwear

    : Wearing unsupportive shoes, high heels, or shoes with poor arch support can increase stress on the foot.

  • Flat feet or high arches

    : Abnormal foot mechanics can cause uneven weight distribution and strain the plantar fascia.

  • Tight calf muscles or Achilles tendon

    : Limited flexibility can increase tension on the plantar fascia.

  • Obesity or weight gain

    : Extra weight puts additional pressure on the foot, increasing the risk of developing plantar fasciitis.

  • Sudden increase in activity

    : Rapid changes in exercise intensity, such as beginning a new running routine, can stress the foot tissues.
What Causes Plantar Fasciitis?

Signs and Symptoms of Plantar Fasciitis

The most common symptoms of plantar fasciitis include:

  • Heel pain: A sharp or stabbing pain in the bottom of the heel, especially in the morning or after periods of rest.
  • Pain that worsens with activity: Discomfort increases after prolonged walking, running, or standing.
  • Stiffness in the foot: The foot may feel tight or inflexible, particularly after inactivity.
  • Tenderness in the arch or heel: Pressing on the bottom of the foot may cause sensitivity or discomfort.
  • Pain that decreases with movement: Symptoms often improve after some activity but return after extended standing or walking.
  • Swelling or inflammation: In some cases, mild swelling may occur around the heel area.

If you think you may have plantar fasciitis, please reach out to us today for an accurate diagnosis and personalised treatment.

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How Is an Plantar Fasciitis Diagnosed?

How Is Plantar Fasciitis Diagnosed?

A foot and ankle specialist can diagnose plantar fasciitis through:

  • Medical history and symptom review

    : Discussing pain patterns and daily activities that may contribute to the condition.

  • Physical examination

    : Checking for tenderness in the heel, foot arch, and tightness in the Achilles tendon or calf muscles.

  • The Windlass Test

    : A test in which the doctor bends the toes upward to assess pain in the plantar fascia.

  • Imaging tests (if needed):

    • X-rays: Used to rule out other conditions, such as heel spurs or fractures.
    • Ultrasound or MRI: In severe or chronic cases, these tests help visualize tissue inflammation or tears.

Risk Factors of Plantar Fasciitis

Several factors increase the risk of developing plantar fasciitis, such as:

  • Age

    : More common in people between 40 and 60 years old.

  • Occupations requiring prolonged standing

    : Jobs that involve long hours on hard surfaces, such as nursing or retail work.

  • High-impact activities

    : Running, dancing, and sports that put repetitive stress on the feet.

  • Obesity

    : Excess body weight increases pressure on the plantar fascia.

  • Foot structure issues

    : Flat feet, high arches, or abnormal gait patterns can contribute to strain.

  • Wearing unsupportive shoes

    : Lack of arch support or cushioning can worsen the condition.

  • Tight calf muscles

    : Reduced flexibility in the lower leg increases tension on the plantar fascia.
Risk Factors of Plantar Fasciitis

Plantar Fasciitis Treatment

Treatment options vary based on the severity and duration of symptoms.

Non-surgical Treatments
Plantar Fasciitis Surgery

Non-Surgical Treatments

  • Rest and activity modification

    : Reducing activities that put stress on the foot can allow healing.

  • Ice therapy

    : Applying ice packs for 15–20 minutes helps reduce inflammation and pain.

  • Stretching and strengthening exercises

    : Calf stretches, toe stretches, and foot exercises improve flexibility and reduce strain.

  • Orthotic devices and arch supports

    : Custom insoles or over-the-counter inserts provide better foot alignment and cushioning.

  • Night splints

    : Worn during sleep to keep the foot in a stretched position and reduce morning stiffness.

  • Pain relievers

    : Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen help manage discomfort and swelling.

  • Physical therapy

    : A therapist can recommend specific exercises and manual techniques to improve foot mechanics.

  • Taping and bracing

    : Helps support the foot and alleviate tension on the plantar fascia.
Plantar Fasciitis Treatment
Can an Plantar Fasciitis Be Prevented?

Can Plantar Fasciitis Be Prevented?

While plantar fasciitis cannot always be prevented, the following measures reduce the risk:

  • Wear supportive footwear: Choose shoes with proper arch support and cushioning.
  • Maintain a healthy weight: Reduces stress on the feet.
  • Stretch regularly: Calf and foot stretches improve flexibility and prevent stiffness.
  • Avoid sudden increases in activity: Gradually increase intensity in workouts.
  • Use orthotics if needed: Insoles help correct foot alignment and distribute weight evenly.
  • Strengthen foot and lower leg muscles: Improves stability and shock absorption.
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FAQs on Plantar Fasciitiss

Recovery time varies. Mild cases may improve within a few weeks, while chronic plantar fasciitis can take 6–12 months with consistent treatment. Adhering to stretching routines, footwear recommendations, and physiotherapy speeds up healing.
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